{"id":17777,"date":"2026-08-11T10:32:25","date_gmt":"2026-08-11T03:32:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/?p=17777"},"modified":"2026-08-11T10:32:25","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T03:32:25","slug":"what-is-cepa-hong-kong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/what-is-cepa-hong-kong\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is CEPA and How It Gives Hong Kong Companies Tariff-Free Access to Mainland China"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>CEPA<\/strong> (the Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement) is a free trade agreement, signed in 2003, that lets Hong Kong-registered companies export qualifying goods into Mainland China at zero tariff and offer services there under rules that are far lighter than what a typical foreign company faces. It is administered jointly by Hong Kong&#8217;s Trade and Industry Department (TID) and the Mainland&#8217;s Ministry of Commerce, and it has been expanded through a series of supplements and amendments ever since, most recently in March 2025.<\/p>\n<p>Most founders who set up in Hong Kong know about the city&#8217;s low tax rate and its free port status. Far fewer know that a government-backed legal pathway into China&#8217;s market already exists, and that it does not require a joint venture, a local partner, or years of waiting.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #f8f9fa; border-left: 4px solid #223666; border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 24px 0;\">\n<p style=\"font-weight: bold; margin: 0 0 10px 0; color: #223666;\">Key Takeaways<\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin: 0; padding-left: 20px; line-height: 1.8;\">\n<li>CEPA gives goods made in Hong Kong and meeting its rules of origin zero-tariff entry into Mainland China, and gives qualifying Hong Kong Service Suppliers (HKSS) preferential access to sell services on the Mainland.<\/li>\n<li>Since March 1, 2025, Amendment Agreement II removed the requirement that a Hong Kong company operate for three to five years before qualifying as an HKSS, in most service sectors.<\/li>\n<li>Five sectors still require the older substantive-operations period: legal services, construction and related engineering services, insurance and related services, air transport ground services, and third-party international shipping agency services.<\/li>\n<li>Incorporating a Hong Kong company does not automatically grant CEPA treatment. A separate certificate (Certificate of Hong Kong Origin for goods, or an HKSS Certificate for services) has to be applied for and issued.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2>How Does CEPA Work Between Hong Kong and Mainland China?<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17778\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17778\" style=\"width: 735px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17778\" src=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/china7.webp\" alt=\"What Is CEPA and How It Gives Hong Kong Companies Tariff-Free Access to Mainland China\" width=\"735\" height=\"490\" srcset=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/china7.webp 735w, https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/china7-300x200.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17778\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">What Is CEPA and How It Gives Hong Kong Companies Tariff-Free Access to Mainland China (pexels)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>CEPA was the first free trade agreement the Mainland ever signed with Hong Kong, put in place on June 29, 2003. It follows what Hong Kong&#8217;s government calls a building block approach: rather than one static document, the two sides keep adding supplements and amendments as the relationship deepens. Ten supplements were signed between 2004 and 2013, followed by separate new agreements on trade in services (2015), investment and economic and technical cooperation (2017), a revised trade in services text (2019), a full Agreement on Trade in Goods (2018, effective 2019), and the latest Amendment Agreement II on trade in services, effective March 1, 2025.<\/p>\n<p>The framework covers two distinct tracks: goods and services. Goods made in Hong Kong get zero import tariff into the Mainland if they meet CEPA&#8217;s rules of origin. Services are a separate track entirely, built around a status called Hong Kong Service Supplier, which grants access to sectors that are otherwise closed off or heavily restricted for foreign companies.<\/p>\n<p>Also read; <a href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/hong-kong-as-an-alternative-for-doing-business-in-china\/\">Blocked by China\u2019s Foreign Investment Rules? Here\u2019s How a Hong Kong Company Solves It<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>How Does CEPA Give Hong Kong Goods Zero-Tariff Access to Mainland China?<\/h2>\n<p>Under CEPA&#8217;s Agreement on Trade in Goods, which took effect January 1, 2019, all goods made in Hong Kong that meet the CEPA rules of origin are entitled to zero-tariff treatment when imported into the Mainland, along with faster customs clearance. This built on earlier phases of the agreement: from 2004, the Mainland began applying zero tariff to specific Hong Kong-origin product categories, expanding coverage in stages through 2006 as manufacturers applied for additional tariff codes.<\/p>\n<p>To claim the benefit, an exporter needs a valid Certificate of Hong Kong Origin, known as CO(CEPA), issued either by the TID directly or by one of the government-approved certification organizations. The certificate confirms the goods were substantially transformed or manufactured in Hong Kong under the agreement&#8217;s origin criteria, not simply relabeled or transshipped through the territory.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #d5e6e5; border-left: 4px solid #223666; border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 24px 0;\">\n<p style=\"font-weight: bold; margin: 0 0 8px 0; color: #223666;\">Notes from InvestinAsia Consultants<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0; color: #333;\">A pattern we see often: a founder assumes that because their company is registered in Hong Kong, their products automatically qualify for zero tariff into China. They don&#8217;t, not without the origin certificate, and not if the actual manufacturing or substantial processing happened somewhere else. Clients who plan to use CEPA for goods usually need to think about where production actually takes place, not just where the company is incorporated.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2>What Is a Hong Kong Service Supplier and How Does It Work?<\/h2>\n<p>A <strong>Hong Kong Service Supplier (HKSS)<\/strong> is a company or individual that meets the eligibility criteria set out in CEPA&#8217;s Annex 5, allowing it to offer services on the Mainland under terms more open than China&#8217;s standard WTO commitments, in sectors including finance, construction, logistics, distribution, legal services, and audio-visual production. As of the current CEPA framework, 153 of 160 WTO-classified service sectors, roughly 96 percent, are fully or partially opened to Hong Kong under this status.<\/p>\n<p>HKSS status applies to two kinds of applicants. A natural person qualifies simply by being a Hong Kong permanent resident and does not need to apply for a separate certificate. A juridical person, meaning a company, partnership, or sole proprietorship organized under Hong Kong law and engaged in substantive business operations there, needs to apply to the TID for a formal HKSS Certificate before approaching Mainland authorities for preferential treatment in a specific sector.<\/p>\n<p>The certificate is not automatic. An applicant submits a statutory declaration attested by a China-appointed attesting officer, along with supporting financial and operational documents for the latest year, to demonstrate it genuinely operates from Hong Kong rather than existing there on paper only.<\/p>\n<p>Also read: <a href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/is-hong-kong-really-tax-free\/\">Is Hong Kong Really Tax-Free? What Foreign Business Owners Get Wrong About Offshore Claims<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>What Changed Under the March 2025 CEPA Amendment?<\/h2>\n<p>Before March 2025, a company applying for HKSS status generally had to show it had engaged in substantive business operations in Hong Kong for a set period, commonly three years, though some sectors required longer. Insurance and related services, for example, required five years or more of established operations under the original Annex 5 text.<\/p>\n<p>The Second Agreement Concerning Amendment to the CEPA Agreement on Trade in Services, known as Amendment Agreement II, was signed on October 9, 2024, and came into force on March 1, 2025. Among its changes, the Hong Kong and Mainland governments removed the period requirement for most service sectors entirely. A newly incorporated Hong Kong company, in most sectors, no longer has to wait years before it can apply for HKSS status. According to Hong Kong&#8217;s government, this was designed specifically to let startups access CEPA treatment sooner and to draw international founders to set up in Hong Kong as a base for Mainland market entry.<\/p>\n<p>The change was not universal. Under the December 2025 CEPA leaflet published by the TID, the substantive-operations period requirement still applies to five sectors: legal services, construction and related engineering services, insurance and related services, air transport ground services, and third-party international shipping agency services. A founder in one of these sectors still needs to build a genuine operating track record in Hong Kong before qualifying, even after the 2025 reform.<\/p>\n<p>Also read: <a href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/signs-your-business-is-ready-to-expand-to-hong-kong\/\">10 Signs Your Business Is Ready to Expand to Hong Kong<\/a><\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #d5e6e5; border: 2px solid #223666; border-radius: 8px; padding: 20px 24px; margin: 32px 0; text-align: center;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 8px 0; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; color: #223666; text-align: center;\">Not sure if your business qualifies as an HKSS?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 16px 0; color: #333; text-align: center;\">Eligibility depends on your sector and how your Hong Kong operations are structured from day one.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"background: #223666; color: #fff; padding: 12px 28px; border-radius: 6px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/hk\/\">See Hong Kong Company Setup Options<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 15px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"background: #25D366; color: #fff; padding: 12px 28px; border-radius: 6px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/6285286124490?text=Hello%2C%20I%20would%20like%20help%20assessing%20my%20eligibility%20as%20a%20Hong%20Kong%20Service%20Supplier%20under%20CEPA%0A%0ASource%3A%20article%20%22What%20Is%20CEPA%20and%20How%20It%20Gives%20Hong%20Kong%20Companies%20Tariff-Free%20Access%20to%20Mainland%20China%22%20(SEO)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Ask us to check your eligibility on WhatsApp<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>How Much Does It Cost to Register a Hong Kong Company?<\/h2>\n<p>Hong Kong incorporation is done through the Companies Registry, and the process itself can move quickly. Document preparation, including the Company Constitution and Articles of Association, is followed by electronic signing and filing, with the Registry typically completing registration within a few business days of a complete filing. Incorporation itself can be handled remotely, though opening a traditional bank account with a Hong Kong bank usually still requires the business owner to be physically present.<\/p>\n<p>Package pricing varies depending on what is included beyond bare incorporation. An essential-level package covering incorporation, one year of mandatory corporate secretary service, online KYC, and a one-year Business Registration Certificate (including the HKD 2,200 government fee) runs around USD 2,644. A more complete package that adds a full year of virtual office or registered address service, plus accounting and tax filing support for up to 600 transactions a year, runs around USD 5,109.<\/p>\n<p>Ongoing compliance is a separate annual cost. A dormant company&#8217;s annual audit and tax filing typically runs around USD 2,031, while an active company with revenue under HKD 5 million typically runs around USD 3,406 for the same scope. Every Hong Kong company is required to have its accounts audited annually by a Hong Kong CPA and to file an annual return with the Companies Registry, regardless of whether it is trading.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #d5e6e5; border-left: 4px solid #223666; border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 24px 0;\">\n<p style=\"font-weight: bold; margin: 0 0 8px 0; color: #223666;\">Notes from InvestinAsia Consultants<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0; color: #333;\">Clients often budget for incorporation and then get caught off guard by the annual audit requirement. Hong Kong does not have the option to skip a CPA audit the way some jurisdictions allow for small or dormant entities. Building that recurring cost into your first-year plan avoids a surprise later.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>On tax, Hong Kong runs a two-tier profits tax: 8.25 percent on the first HKD 2 million of assessable profits, and 16.5 percent above that. There is no VAT, no GST, no capital gains tax, and no withholding tax on dividends, which is part of why Hong Kong pairs well with the CEPA route rather than incorporating directly on the Mainland.<\/p>\n<h2>What Are the Statutory Requirements for a Hong Kong Limited Company?<\/h2>\n<p>A Hong Kong Limited Company needs a minimum of one shareholder, who can be a natural person or a legal entity of any nationality, and a minimum of one director, who must be a natural person over 18. A corporate secretary is mandatory and must be either a Hong Kong resident or a Hong Kong-registered company. The registered office must be a physical address in Hong Kong, since PO boxes are not permitted. There is no legal minimum share capital, though HKD 10,000 divided into 10,000 shares at HKD 1.00 each is the common practice. A Designated Representative is also required to maintain the company&#8217;s Significant Controllers Register.<\/p>\n<p>For founders weighing whether Hong Kong should be the operating entity or purely a holding vehicle above their actual China operations, it helps to compare <a href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/onshore-vs-offshore-company-structure-in-asia\/\">an offshore holding structure<\/a> against a fully onshore setup before deciding how to stack the entities.<\/p>\n<p>Also read: <a href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/hong-kong-company-name-rules\/\">Hong Kong Company Name Rules and Registered Address Requirements Explained<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Does Incorporating in Hong Kong Automatically Give You CEPA Benefits?<\/h2>\n<p>No. This is the misconception that trips up the most founders. A Hong Kong Limited Company on its own is just a Hong Kong company. CEPA treatment, whether for zero-tariff goods or HKSS service access, requires a separate application and a separate certificate, and the Mainland examining authority can and does push back on applications that look like a shell registration without real operations behind it.<\/p>\n<p>This is also where CEPA differs from setting up directly on the Mainland. A company that registers as <a href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/what-is-wfoe-in-china\/\">a Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprise in China<\/a> gets direct Mainland market access without needing to route through Hong Kong at all, but it takes on Mainland corporate tax, Mainland compliance obligations, and in many service sectors, ownership restrictions that CEPA is specifically designed to remove for Hong Kong-based suppliers. For businesses targeting the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area specifically, a properly qualified Hong Kong entity under CEPA is often the faster and less restricted route in.<\/p>\n<p>Getting from &#8220;I have a Hong Kong company&#8221; to &#8220;I have confirmed CEPA treatment&#8221; involves matching your sector to the current rules, gathering the right supporting documents, and, where the operations period still applies, building a real track record before applying. For founders who want the Hong Kong entity set up correctly from the start, with CEPA eligibility considered from day one rather than discovered as an afterthought, InvestinAsia&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/cn\/\">China market entry support<\/a> and Hong Kong incorporation team can walk through both tracks with you.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background: #223666; border-radius: 8px; padding: 24px; margin: 32px 0; text-align: center;\">\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 6px 0; font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; color: #fff; text-align: center;\">Ready to set up your Hong Kong entity the right way?<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin: 0 0 20px 0; color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75); font-size: 14px; text-align: center;\">InvestinAsia&#8217;s Hong Kong team handles incorporation, corporate secretary duties, and CEPA-aware structuring in one process.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"background: #fff; color: #223666; padding: 12px 32px; border-radius: 6px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/hk\/\">Start Your Hong Kong Company Setup<\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"height: 15px;\"><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"background: #25D366; color: #fff; padding: 12px 28px; border-radius: 6px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: bold; display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/6285286124490?text=Hello%2C%20I%20am%20interested%20in%20registering%20a%20Hong%20Kong%20company%20to%20access%20CEPA%20preferential%20trade%20terms%0A%0ASource%3A%20article%20%22What%20Is%20CEPA%20and%20How%20It%20Gives%20Hong%20Kong%20Companies%20Tariff-Free%20Access%20to%20Mainland%20China%22%20(SEO)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Talk to our team on WhatsApp<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>References<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1.<\/strong> Trade and Industry Department, HKSAR Government. Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA). Retrieved from<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.tid.gov.hk\/en\/our_work\/cepa.html<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.<\/strong> Trade and Industry Department, HKSAR Government. Information Note on the Second Agreement Concerning Amendment to the CEPA Agreement on Trade in Services. Retrieved from<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.tid.gov.hk\/en\/our_work\/cepa\/legal_text\/notes\/cepa19_note.html<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.<\/strong> Trade and Industry Department, HKSAR Government. CEPA Leaflet (December 2025). Retrieved from<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.tid.gov.hk\/en\/our_work\/cepa\/files\/CEPA_leaflet.pdf<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.<\/strong> Trade and Industry Department, HKSAR Government. Certificate of Hong Kong Origin &#8211; CEPA. Retrieved from<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.tid.gov.hk\/en\/our_work\/import_export_licensing_control\/factory_registration_certificate_origin\/certificate_origin\/cepa.html<\/p>\n<p><strong>5.<\/strong> HKSAR Government Press Releases. HKSAR Government and Ministry of Commerce Sign Second Agreement Concerning Amendment to CEPA Agreement on Trade in Services. Retrieved from<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.info.gov.hk\/gia\/general\/202410\/09\/P2024100900266.htm<\/p>\n<p><strong>6.<\/strong> Digital Policy Office, HKSAR Government. Cooperation with Mainland: CEPA. Retrieved from<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.digitalpolicy.gov.hk\/en\/our_work\/digital_infrastructure\/mainland\/cepa\/<\/p>\n<p><strong>7.<\/strong> Xinhua News Agency. Hong Kong Accelerates Integration into National Development as CEPA Enters New Stage. March 2, 2025. Retrieved from<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/english.news.cn\/20250303\/4a0ac404be564963aa65eb4497868e2e\/c.html<\/p>\n<p><strong>8.<\/strong> vOffice. Hong Kong Company Registration Service (Ltd.). Retrieved from<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/voffice.co.id\/en\/services\/company-registration-hongkong<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CEPA (the Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement) is a free trade agreement, signed in 2003, that lets Hong Kong-registered companies export qualifying goods into Mainland China at &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17779,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hong-kong"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What Is CEPA? Hong Kong&#039;s Tariff-Free Route Into China | InvestinAsia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"CEPA gives Hong Kong companies zero-tariff goods access and HKSS service preferences in Mainland China. See what changed in the March 2025 amendment.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/investinasia.com\/blog\/what-is-cepa-hong-kong\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Is CEPA? Hong Kong&#039;s Tariff-Free Route Into China | InvestinAsia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"CEPA gives Hong Kong companies zero-tariff goods access and HKSS service preferences in Mainland China. 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